faulthandler — 转储 Python 回溯信息

当发生故障、超时或收到用户信号时 faulthandler 可转储 Python 回溯信息的函数。调用 faulthandler.enable() 可安装针对 signal.SIGSEGV, signal.SIGFPE, signal.SIGABRT, signal.SIGBUS 和 signal.SIGILL 信号的故障处理器。你还可以在启动时通过设置 PYTHONFAULTHANDLER 环境变量或使用 -X faulthandler 命令行选项来启用它们。

%%bash
python -c "import ctypes; ctypes.string_at(0)"

bash: line 1: 17665 Segmentation fault      (core dumped) python -c "import ctypes; ctypes.string_at(0)"

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CalledProcessError                        Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[1], line 1
----> 1 get_ipython().run_cell_magic('bash', '', 'python -c "import ctypes; ctypes.string_at(0)"\n')

File /opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.8/x64/lib/python3.12/site-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py:2541, in InteractiveShell.run_cell_magic(self, magic_name, line, cell)
   2539 with self.builtin_trap:
   2540     args = (magic_arg_s, cell)
-> 2541     result = fn(*args, **kwargs)
   2543 # The code below prevents the output from being displayed
   2544 # when using magics with decorator @output_can_be_silenced
   2545 # when the last Python token in the expression is a ';'.
   2546 if getattr(fn, magic.MAGIC_OUTPUT_CAN_BE_SILENCED, False):

File /opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.8/x64/lib/python3.12/site-packages/IPython/core/magics/script.py:155, in ScriptMagics._make_script_magic.<locals>.named_script_magic(line, cell)
    153 else:
    154     line = script
--> 155 return self.shebang(line, cell)

File /opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.8/x64/lib/python3.12/site-packages/IPython/core/magics/script.py:315, in ScriptMagics.shebang(self, line, cell)
    310 if args.raise_error and p.returncode != 0:
    311     # If we get here and p.returncode is still None, we must have
    312     # killed it but not yet seen its return code. We don't wait for it,
    313     # in case it's stuck in uninterruptible sleep. -9 = SIGKILL
    314     rc = p.returncode or -9
--> 315     raise CalledProcessError(rc, cell)

CalledProcessError: Command 'b'python -c "import ctypes; ctypes.string_at(0)"\n'' returned non-zero exit status 139.

%%bash
python -X faulthandler -c "import ctypes; ctypes.string_at(0)"

Fatal Python error: Segmentation fault
Current thread 0x00007f0984718b80 (most recent call first):
File "/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.8/x64/lib/python3.12/ctypes/__init__.py", line 525 in string_at
File "<string>", line 1 in <module>
Extension modules: markupsafe._speedups (total: 1)
bash: line 1: 17679 Segmentation fault      (core dumped) python -X faulthandler -c "import ctypes; ctypes.string_at(0)"

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CalledProcessError                        Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[2], line 1
----> 1 get_ipython().run_cell_magic('bash', '', 'python -X faulthandler -c "import ctypes; ctypes.string_at(0)"\n')

File /opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.8/x64/lib/python3.12/site-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py:2541, in InteractiveShell.run_cell_magic(self, magic_name, line, cell)
   2539 with self.builtin_trap:
   2540     args = (magic_arg_s, cell)
-> 2541     result = fn(*args, **kwargs)
   2543 # The code below prevents the output from being displayed
   2544 # when using magics with decorator @output_can_be_silenced
   2545 # when the last Python token in the expression is a ';'.
   2546 if getattr(fn, magic.MAGIC_OUTPUT_CAN_BE_SILENCED, False):

File /opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.8/x64/lib/python3.12/site-packages/IPython/core/magics/script.py:155, in ScriptMagics._make_script_magic.<locals>.named_script_magic(line, cell)
    153 else:
    154     line = script
--> 155 return self.shebang(line, cell)

File /opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.8/x64/lib/python3.12/site-packages/IPython/core/magics/script.py:315, in ScriptMagics.shebang(self, line, cell)
    310 if args.raise_error and p.returncode != 0:
    311     # If we get here and p.returncode is still None, we must have
    312     # killed it but not yet seen its return code. We don't wait for it,
    313     # in case it's stuck in uninterruptible sleep. -9 = SIGKILL
    314     rc = p.returncode or -9
--> 315     raise CalledProcessError(rc, cell)

CalledProcessError: Command 'b'python -X faulthandler -c "import ctypes; ctypes.string_at(0)"\n'' returned non-zero exit status 139.